{"id":286,"date":"2025-04-01T23:07:17","date_gmt":"2025-04-01T21:07:17","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/electronicbox.org\/?p=286"},"modified":"2025-04-04T00:36:34","modified_gmt":"2025-04-03T22:36:34","slug":"houston-we-have-a-problem-my-enter-key-is-broken","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/electronicbox.org\/?p=286","title":{"rendered":"Houston we have a problem! My enter key is broken."},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Zamisli da si na Me\u0111unarodnoj svemirskoj stanici (ISS), lebdi\u0161 u beste\u017einskom stanju, pije\u0161 sok iz vre\u0107ice (jer \u010da\u0161e ne rade ba\u0161 najbolje u nultoj gravitaciji), kad odjednom \u2013 puf\u2013 zablokira ti laptop. I to ne bilo koji laptop, nego jedini koji koristi\u0161 za kontakt sa Zemljom, slanje podataka i, da, da \u2013 gledanje filmova s USB-a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Pa \u0161ta koristi ekipa gore da sve radi glatko? Evo kako to izgleda iza kulisa:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Na ISS-u se koristi raznovrsna <strong>ra\u010dunarska oprema<\/strong> \u2013 od obi\u010dnih laptopova do specijalizovanih sistema za kontrolu \u017eivotne sredine, komunikaciju i nau\u010dne eksperimente. Evo pregleda \u0161ta se sve koristi <strong>gore u orbiti<\/strong>:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\ud83d\udcbb <strong>1. Station Support Computers (SSC)<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ovo su <em>glavni laptop<\/em>i koje koriste astronauti za svakodnevne zadatke.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Trenutno aktivni modeli<\/strong>:\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.hp.com\/ch-en\/shop\/offer.aspx?p=b-hp-nasa-workstation\">HP ZBook 15<\/a><\/strong> (ranije su koristili Lenovo ThinkPad i Dell Latitude)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Operativni sistem<\/strong>:\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Debian Linux<\/strong> (ve\u0107ina)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Neki imaju dual-boot sa Windowsom, ako je potreban za specifi\u010dne aplikacije<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Koriste se za<\/strong>:\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Prikaz rasporeda misija<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Upravljanje eksperimentima<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Pregled telemetrijskih podataka<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Pisanje dnevnika<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>I da \u2013 ponekad za gledanje filmova \ud83d\ude04<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\ud83e\udde0 <strong>2. Command and Control Computers<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ovo su <strong>kriti\u010dni sistemi<\/strong> koji kontroli\u0161u sve glavne funkcije stanice \u2013 i njih astronauti ne diraju tek tako.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Koriste rugged ra\u010dunare<\/strong> otporne na zra\u010denje<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Obi\u010dno imaju <strong>redundantne sisteme<\/strong> (npr. 3 kopije istog softvera koje se me\u0111usobno provjeravaju)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Upravljaju:\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Navigacijom i orijentacijom stanice<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Sistemima za odr\u017eavanje \u017eivota (kisik, CO2, temperatura)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Robotizovanom rukom (Canadarm2)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\ud83d\udef0\ufe0f <strong>3. Payload Operations Computers<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Koriste se za specifi\u010dne nau\u010dne misije i eksperimente koji se trenutno izvode na stanici<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Svaki eksperiment mo\u017ee imati svoj laptop, dodatne senzore, kamere ili mikro-kontrolere<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\ud83d\udce1 <strong>4. Komunikacijski i mre\u017eni ure\u0111aji<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>TDRSS komunikacijski moduli<\/strong> povezuju stanicu sa Zemljom<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Wi-Fi mre\u017ea<\/strong> pokriva cijelu ISS (da, ima roaming \u2013 ali bolji nego kod nas \ud83d\ude02)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Cisco mre\u017eni ure\u0111aji<\/strong> i <strong>komunikacijski serveri<\/strong> koji odr\u017eavaju LAN mre\u017eu na stanici<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\ud83c\udf53 <strong>5. Raspberry Pi \u2013 Astro Pi<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>O da, mali <strong>Raspberry Pi<\/strong> je stigao i na ISS! U sklopu projekta &#8220;<a href=\"https:\/\/astro-pi.org\/\" data-type=\"link\" data-id=\"https:\/\/astro-pi.org\/\">Astro Pi<\/a>&#8220;, djeca i studenti mogu pisati kod koji se izvr\u0161ava na Pi ra\u010dunarima gore. \u0160ta to zna\u010di? Klinac iz Prijedora mo\u017ee pokrenuti Python skriptu&#8230; u svemiru. \ud83d\udcaa\ud83d\ude80<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Ure\u0111aji su prilago\u0111eni (case, senzori, kamera) i postavljeni u evropskom modulu Columbus<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\ud83d\udda5\ufe0f <strong>6. Starije ma\u0161ine koje su jo\u0161 u opticaju<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>IBM ThinkPad<\/strong>: koristili su se do 2010-ih \u2013 poznati po tome da su letjeli jo\u0161 na Shuttle misijama<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>SGI ra\u010dunari<\/strong> i specijalizovane stanice za vizualizaciju kori\u0161tene su za simulacije i nauku<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\ud83e\udde0 7. Specijalizovani softver<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\ud83d\udd2c Nau\u010dni softver<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Aplikacije pisane posebno za eksperimente koje astronauti provode \u2013 od biologije do fizike.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\ud83d\udcca Telemetrija i upravljanje podacima<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Softver koji prati sisteme stanice, senzore, potro\u0161nju energije i druge kriti\u010dne podatke.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\ud83d\udce1 Komunikacijski alati<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Programi koji omogu\u0107uju razgovor s NASA kontrolom, razmjenu podataka i \u010dak interne poruke izme\u0111u \u010dlanova posade.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\ud83d\ude80 Kako softver zapravo sti\u017ee na ISS?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Put softvera do svemira nije ni brz ni jednostavan \u2013 ali je <em>temeljito planiran<\/em>:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\ud83d\udee0\ufe0f 1. Priprema prije lansiranja<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u2705 Testiranje i validacija<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Softver se testira pod simuliranim uslovima svemira \u2013 mora biti <em>neuni\u0161tiv<\/em>, bez bugova i spreman za izazove mikrogravitacije.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\ud83d\udce6 Pakovanje<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Priprema se u instalacionim formatima kompatibilnim sa sistemima na ISS-u, uz posebno pakiranje za fizi\u010dki transport ako treba.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\ud83d\ude80 2. Prenos na ISS<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\ud83d\ude9a Fizi\u010dki transport<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Hard diskovi, SSD-ovi ili USB ure\u0111aji \u0161alju se teretnim brodovima kao \u0161to su <strong>SpaceX Dragon<\/strong> ili <strong>Northrop Grumman Cygnus<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\ud83d\udce1 Daljinski upload<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Putem sigurnih veza, softver se mo\u017ee direktno upload-ati sa Zemlje. Misli\u0161 da je Wi-Fi lo\u0161 kod tebe? Poku\u0161aj upload-ati softver <em>u orbitu<\/em>\u2026<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\ud83e\uddd1\u200d\ud83d\ude80 3. Instalacija i verifikacija<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\ud83d\udda5\ufe0f Daljinska instalacija<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Zemaljski timovi vr\u0161e daljinsku instalaciju, \u010desto s minimalnom asistencijom posade.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\ud83d\udc68\u200d\ud83d\ude80 U\u010de\u0161\u0107e astronauta<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Kada treba \u2013 astronauti preuzimaju stvar u svoje ruke: instaliraju, testiraju i potvr\u0111uju da softver radi kao \u0161vicarski sat.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Softver na ISS-u nije \u201csamo instaliraj i vozi\u201d. On je pa\u017eljivo testiran, pakovan, lansiran i pode\u0161en da radi <em>bez gre\u0161ke<\/em> u jednom od najizazovnijih okru\u017eenja koje \u010dovjek poznaje.<\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A kad sljede\u0107i put klikne\u0161 \u201cUpdate\u201d na svom laptopu i sve stane \u2013 sjeti se da u svemiru za to <em>nema \u201cCtrl + Alt + Delete\u201d opcije.<\/em> \ud83d\ude04<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Svemir nije za plug &amp; play<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Na ISS-u je sve testirano, certificirano, i optimizirano do zadnjeg bita. IT oprema mora biti <strong>otporna na zra\u010denje, sigurnosne gre\u0161ke, Wi-Fi smetnje, padove softvera i \u2013 dosadu<\/strong>. Jer kad si gore 6 mjeseci, tvoj laptop ti postane najbolji prijatelj.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Zato slede\u0107i put kad ti zablokira Word, samo se sjeti \u2013 gore se isti problemi rje\u0161avaju, samo lebde\u0107i!<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Zamisli da si na Me\u0111unarodnoj svemirskoj stanici (ISS), lebdi\u0161 u beste\u017einskom stanju, pije\u0161 sok iz vre\u0107ice (jer \u010da\u0161e ne rade ba\u0161 najbolje u nultoj gravitaciji), kad odjednom \u2013 puf\u2013 zablokira ti laptop. I to ne bilo koji laptop, nego jedini koji koristi\u0161 za kontakt sa Zemljom, slanje podataka i, da, da \u2013 gledanje filmova s [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":292,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[22],"tags":[53,52,54,55],"class_list":["post-286","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-informacione-tehnologije","tag-iss","tag-iss-equipmet","tag-ssc","tag-svemir"],"amp_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/electronicbox.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/286","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/electronicbox.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/electronicbox.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/electronicbox.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/electronicbox.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=286"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/electronicbox.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/286\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":291,"href":"https:\/\/electronicbox.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/286\/revisions\/291"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/electronicbox.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/292"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/electronicbox.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=286"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/electronicbox.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=286"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/electronicbox.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=286"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}